ADVANCES IN DUAL-CHAMBER IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER DEFIBRILLATORS/

We describe the past, present, and possible future of implantable dual chamber defibrillators and rake a quick look at the history of implan table cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) to provide the background for this article. Four of the current generation dial chamber ICDs and th e merits and issues surrounding these devices are compared. We then ta ke a look at the future directions for dual chamber ICDs and discuss t he research, technologies, algorithms, and issues that will drive the future of dual chamber ICDs. (J Interven Cardiol 1998;11:187-196).