Coronary artery disease is a major cause of death all over the world.
South Asians have been found to have the highest mortality rates due t
o coronary artery disease amongst all ethnic groups so far studied. Da
ta suggests that not only are the South Asians prone to develop the ma
nifestations of the disease at an earlier age compared to the other et
hnic groups, they also seem to respond less well to the same treatment
administered. Also, invasive investigations reveal that they have mor
e extensive coronary artery narrowing than their Western counterparts,
While the conventional risk factors of the disease, namely, high chol
esterol, smoking and high blood pressure do not explain all the differ
ences in mortality due to this disease, South Asians do tend to suffer
more from diabetes, higher insulin levels, abdominal obesity, low hig
h density lipoprotein levels, higher triglyceride levels, lower levels
of physical exercise and higher lipoprotein (a) levels. While the exa
ct cause of this increased rate of mortality due to coronary artery di
sease has yet to be established, it appears that both genetic and envi
ronmental factors play a role, For a start, greater public awareness,
adoption of a healthier lifestyle and vigorous control of risk factors
need to be advocated in an attempt to come to terms with this problem
.