MARKET-RESEARCH EVALUATION OF ACTIONS TO REDUCE SUBURBAN TRAFFIC CONGESTION - COMMUTER TRAVEL BEHAVIOR AND RESPONSE TO DEMAND REDUCTION ACTIONS

This research paper is directed toward obtaining a better understandin g of current work trip mode choice of commuters in suburban areas and the effectiveness of alternate demand reduction actions in alleviating congestion, based on a Chicago area study. The paper is particularly concerned with an evaluation of the effectiveness of demand reduction actions that encourage the use of ridesharing modes (carpool, vanpool and transit) and/or discourage the use of drive-alone auto for the wor k trip. A conceptual framework of current mode-choice behavior and beh avioral response to demand reduction actions is developed. The empiric al analysis suggests that in the midwest suburban setting, any substan tial increase in ridesharing propensity appears to require a combinati on of ridesharing incentives in the form of improved service character istics and direct auto-use disincentives in the form of substantially increased parking costs. Our analysis also suggests that ridesharing p ropensity is greater for women and individuals in households with fewe r autos. Individuals who have a great need for independence, make addi tional trips on their way to and from work, frequently stay late at wo rk, and have a high income tend to be less inclined to use ridesharing modes.