DID STATES MOTOR VOTER PROGRAMS HELP THE DEMOCRATS

The National Voter Registration Act (NVRA) of 1993 required all states to establish motor voter, mail-in, and agency registration procedures prior to the 1996 presidential election. Using state-level data for t he 1976-1994 period on party registration, we analyze the party regist ration impacts of state programs that were precursors to the NVRA. ''A ctive'' motor voter programs roughly similar to those mandated by the NVRA are found to significantly increase the proportion of registrants on the rolls who are unaffiliated with either major party. Mail-in re gistration shows no impact on party registration, whereas agency regis tration significantly increases the Democratic share of the two-party registration total-despite the fact that most agency programs in our s ample period were far weaker than NVRA mandates.