Radio-frequency measurements were taken on four cultivars of hard red
winter wheat at 24 degrees C, moisture contents ranging from 9% to 21%
, wet basis, and at bulk densities ranging from 0.66 to 0.83 g/cm(3).
Moisture content was predicted with an equation developed from the tra
nsmission coefficient S-21 at three frequencies between 1 and 350 MHz.
Measurements at about 40, 240, and 320 MHz were selected from multipl
e linear regression analysis of data collected on static samples in a
two-port coaxial flow-through sample holder: Calibration was performed
with 49 samples front the four wheat cultivars harvested, and validat
ion was performed with 84 different samples of the same cultivars. The
standard deviation of the differences (SEP) for the validation data,
compared to standard air-oven moisture contents, was 0.36% moisture co
ntent, and the bias was -0.06% moisture content. Initial attempts to d
evelop a moisture calibration from the intrinsic dielectric properties
were unsuccessful. This was attributed to larger errors in the model
used to calculate the loss factor values at the lower frequencies.