Necessary and sufficient conditions for the orthonormality of a multi-
scaling function phi with integer dilation factor a and multiplicity r
are established. Here phi := (phi(1),...,phi(r))(T) and satisfies [GR
APHICS] for some positive integer M, with P-0,..., P-M being r x r rea
l matrices and P-0, P-M not equal 0. These conditions also apply to th
e setting of the usual uni-scaling functions and uniwavelets (i.e., mu
ltiplicity r = 1). The orthonormality of all the multi-scaling functio
ns and multi-wavelets constructed in the wavelet literature can be ver
ified. Extensive demonstrative examples are given. (C) 1998 Academic P
ress.