ENHANCED CARRIER-TRANSFER IN MULTILAYERED ORGANIC THIN-FILM - APPLICATION TO ELECTROCHROMISM AND ELECTROLUMINESCENCE

Multi-layered organic thin films were prepared by stepwise vapor depos ition of planar molecules with delocalized pi-electrons on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass or KCI crystalline surface. The order of the deposit ion of pi-planar molecules with different redox potential can control enhancement or inhibition of the hole or electron transfer according t o the concept of ''sequential potential field'', or a potential cascad e by the organization of redox components. This concept is here applie d to electrochromic or electroluminescent devices composed of multi-la yered organic thin films.