SURFACE MODIFICATIONS OF SURGICAL IMPLANTS

A wide range of metallic alloys has been evaluated for musculoskeletal surgical implant devices. Significant issues relating to the biocompa tibility and longevity of synthetic materials include: mechanical stre ngth, surface stability along tissue interfaces and as articulating be arings for joint replacements, and relative cost. Metallic biomaterial s have been the materials of choice for most orthopaedic and dental de vices in which functional loads are transferred to bone. Multiple tech niques have been utilized to alter surface properties to obtain more o ptimal integration with bone (osteointegration), bonding with polymeri c lute fillers for rapid stabilization and functional loading (within hours), and resistance to fretting and wear during articulation. Exper ience over 25 years of biomaterial and device research and development is considered from a prospective of what has been attempted, what has shown advantages and where we should be heading in the future. (C) 19 98 Elsevier Science S.A.