THE YEAST TRANSFER-RNA-PSEUDOURIDINE SYNTHASE PUS1P DISPLAYS A MULTISITE SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY

We have previously shown that the yeast gene PUS1 codes for a tRNA:pse udouridine synthase and that recombinant Pus1p catalyzes, in an intron -dependent way, the formation of Psi(34) and Psi(36) in the anticodon loop of the yeast minor tRNA(lle) in vitro (Simos G et at., 1996, EMBO J 15:2270-2284). Using a set of T7 transcripts of different tRNA gene s, we now demonstrate that yeast pseudouridine synthase 1 catalyzes in vitro pseudouridine formation at positions 27 and/or 28 in several ye ast cytoplasmic tRNAs and at position 35 in the intron-containing tRNA (Tyr) (anticodon GUA). Thus, Pus1p not only displays a broad specifici ty toward the RNA substrates, but is also capable of catalyzing the ps eudouridine (Psi) formation at distinct noncontiguous sites within the same tRNA molecule. The cell-free extract prepared from the yeast str ain bearing disrupted gene PUS1 is unable to catalyze the formation of Psi(27), Psi(28), Psi(34), and Psi(36) in vitro, however, Psi(35), fo rmation in the intron-containing tRNA(Tyr)(GUA) remains unaffected. Th us, in yeast, only one gene product accounts for tRNA pseudouridylatio n at positions 27, 28, 34, and 36, whereas for position 35 in tRNA(Ty) r, another site-specific tRNA:pseudouridine synthase with overlapping specificity exists. Mapping of pseudouridine residues present in vario us tRNAs extracted from the PUS1-disrupted strain confirms the in vitr o data obtained with the recombinant Pus1p. In addition, they suggest that Pus1p is implicated in modification at positions U-26, U-65, and U-67 in vivo.