The current level of population growth in India is likely to result in
India becoming the world's most populous country early in the twenty-
first century. Population issues have been an important and often cont
roversial, aspect of the development policies of the Government of Ind
ia (GOI) since independence. Current strategies include integrating he
alth and development programmes with family planning programmes and ex
panding the role of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) like the Fam
ily Planning Association of India (FPAI). The two FPAI organisations i
n Shimoga District, Karnataka (the Shimoga Branch and the Santhebennur
Project), promote health, development and environmental awareness as
well as family planning. The NGO structure facilitates innovation in t
he introduction of new programmes and in the way in which public attit
udes are shaped.