The humus status of virgin and durably cultivated brown forest and gra
y forest soils and leached vertic chernozems is examined. Specific gen
etic features are revealed in the organic matter content, its profile
distribution, total humus reserve, and humus composition. Long-term so
il plowing results in drastic dehumification, which develops more inte
nsively in forest soils. In addition, the agricultural development of
soils changes the humus composition.