The problem of professional re-orientation of adults is considered. It
is shown that socio-economic factors are predominant when solving thi
s problem, whereas psychological factor are practically not taken into
account. This decreases the efficiency of re-orientation and increase
s a psychological <<price>> of transition of man from one professional
activity to other. As a result of the longitudinal study, a conclusio
n was made about the stages and mechanisms of the process of re-orient
ation, the effects of certain personality traits on its success, the d
egree of correspondence between man's past experience and characterist
ics of new activity.