An extremely large seamless flat-gain bandwidth of 90.5nm (1556.0 - 16
46.5nm) and transparent-gain bandwidth of 108nm (1540.0 - 1648.0nm) fo
r a 50km transmission fibre are achieved using a novel hybrid amplifie
r, The amplifier comprises a low-noise distributed Raman amplifier pum
ped with dual wavelengths and an erbium-doped fluoride fibre amplifier
.