Ra. Clapp, REGIONS OF REFUGE AND THE AGRARIAN QUESTION - PEASANT AGRICULTURE ANDPLANTATION FORESTRY CHILEAN ARAUCANIA, World development, 26(4), 1998, pp. 571-589
The geography of peasant survival under capitalism is the product of e
cological, social, economic and demographic processes in combination.
Peasant agriculture survives when those processes remain gradual; when
they accelerate, the equilibrium of peasant societies breaks down. So
uth-central Chile, long a region of refuge for peasant agriculture and
indigenous culture, is now under pressure from the spread of pine pla
ntations. Three roads are emerging among the peasantry: displacement,
proletarianization in situ, or the persistence of peasant agriculture.
The final section considers the prospects for peasant participation i
n the forest industry as independent producers. (C) 1998 Elsevier Scie
nce Ltd. All rights reserved.