REPRODUCIBILITY OF CEPHALOMETRIC LANDMARKS ON CONVENTIONAL FILM, HARD-COPY, AND MONITOR-DISPLAYED IMAGES OBTAINED BY THE STORAGE PHOSPHOR TECHNIQUE

The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the reproduci bility of cephalometric landmarks on (1) conventional films, and image s acquired by storage phosphor digital radiography both on (2) hardcop y and (3) monitor-displayed versions. The material consisted of 19 cep halograms for each image modality. The phosphor plates were scanned in an image reader and the 10-bit normalized, raw data digital images we re converted to 8-bit TIFF images for PC monitor-display. The digital hardcopies were produced in a laser printer. Six observers were asked to record 21 cephalometric landmarks on each conventional film, hardco py, and monitor-displayed image. For the films and hardcopies, the lan dmark co-ordinates were recorded via a digitizing tablet. For the moni tor-displayed images, the co-ordinates were recorded directly from the monitor using a dedicated Windows-based cephalometric program. Reprod ucibility was defined as an observer's deviation (in mm) from the mean between all observers. Differences between the image modalities and b etween the observers were tested by two-way analysis of variance for e ach landmark. There was a statistically significant difference between the reproducibility of film, hardcopy and monitor-displayed images in 11 of the 21 landmarks. There was no unequivocal trend that one modal ity was always the best. For a full: cephalometric recording (the sum of all 21 landmarks), the monitor-displayed images (mean = 25.3 mm) ha d a lower precision than film (P < 0.005) and hard-copy (P < 0.02). Th ere was no significant difference between film (mean = 21.8 mm) and ha rdcopy (mean = 22.8 mm). The lower reproducibility seen for the monito r-displayed images is most probably of little clinical significance.