INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR RELATIONS AFTER THE INDIAN AND PAKISTANI TEST EXPLOSIONS

India's and Pakistan's nuclear tests have dismayed the international c ommunity. However, they can be seen as a culmination of the deteriorat ion of international nuclear relations that has taken place since the mid-1990s.The author examines the reasons for this deterioration which he finds in US-Russian relations, the Middle East and South Asia, in disputes over arms control objectives, and in normative and procedural dilemmas that emerged as the number of countries with nuclear weapon programmes was reduced to a 'hard core' of eight states. This discussi on provides the background for an assessment of the consequences of th e actions of India and Pakistan. Despite the dangers, the author stres ses the opportunities that could lie ahead. If key states act positive ly and cooperatively, the climate and processes of nuclear arms contro l could be transformed.