The problem of core hole localization in symmetrical systems is a fund
amental problem of x-ray spectroscopy and concerns some basic aspects
of quantum theory. Recent theoretical as well as experimental investig
ations of resonant x-ray Raman scattering indicate that the solution t
o this problem depends on the measurement. In the present work we prop
ose an experimental scheme which allows a direct measurement of the at
om to which the core hole is localized. The idea behind the proposal i
s based on the electron Doppler effect and the photoelectron-photoion
coincidence technique. (C) 1998 American Institute of Physics.