T. Akita et al., OBSERVATION OF AL SURFACE DURING SPUTTER-CLEANING AND ANNEALING PROCEDURES UNDER UHV-REM, Journal of Electron Microscopy, 47(3), 1998, pp. 223-226
Clean surfaces of aluminum obtained by repeated sputter-cleaning and a
nnealing were observed using UHV-reflection electron microscopy (REM)
equipped with an infrared heating apparatus and an in situ ion gun. Si
gnificant observations are: (i) ion bombardment produces a characteris
tic corn-formation structure composed of single crystals on the surfac
es; and (ii) successive sputter-cleaning followed by annealing resulte
d finally in a well defined flat and smooth surface. Atomically flat a
reas and steps were effectively defined.