Gastroduodenal tuberculosis is a rare disease, which still raises diag
nostic problems because of its poorly suggestive polymorphous clinical
expression, its nonpathognomonic radiological and endoscopic features
and finally the difficulty of obtaining conclusive preoperative biops
ies. The authors analysed 12 cases of gastroduodenal tuberculosis. Les
ions often had a pseudoneoplastic appearance. Chest x-ray was normal i
n 6 patients. The diagnosis was an intraoperative or postoperative his
tological surprise in 9 patients. Histological examination is the deci
sive diagnostic element, avoiding excessive surgical resection of a di
sease which responds favourably to medical treatment.