ENHANCEMENT OF CHEMOSENSITIVITY IN HUMAN BLADDER-CANCER CELLS BY ADENOVIRAL-MEDIATED P53 GENE-TRANSFER

Background: Drug resistance is a major problem in tumor chemotherapy, and recent studies have suggested that the differential sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy is associated with different susceptibil ities to undergoing apoptosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate t he effects of introduction of wild-type p53 or p21(WAF1/CIP1) (p21) on chemosensitivity of bladder cancer cells. Materials and Methods: The human bladder cancer cell line HT1376, which contains mutant p53 and p 21 genes, was used in this study. The effects of adenoviral-mediated p 53 or p21 gene transfer on sensitivity of HT1376 cells to cisplatin we re analyzed both in vitro and in vivo. Results: The introduction of wi ld-type p53 gene into HT1376 markedly enhanced the sensitivity to cisp latin in vitro. Direct injection of the p53-adenoviral vector into sub cutaneous HT1376 tumors established in nude mice, followed by intraper itoneally administration of cisplatin, induced massive apoptotic destr uction of the tumors. In contrast, the sensitivity of HT1376 to cispla tin was not increased by the introduction of the p21 gene either in vi tro or in vivo. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the combined regimen of adenoviral-mediated p53 gene transfer and cisplatin may bec ome an efficient and powerful tool for treatment of bladder cancer.