This paper describes some of the key issues associated with the packag
ing of microsystems in plastic and 3D. These include hermeticity, resi
dual stress, and thermal management. An example of packaging a silicon
membrane pump is described which illustrates the residual stress prob
lems associated with packaging devices in plastic. Alternative schemes
based on the use of PCB spacer systems and PLCC off the shelf compone
nts are outlined. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.