Vi. Lavrentev et al., OBSERVATION OF CARBON SEGREGATION AND EVOLUTION OF VACANCY DEFECTS INA SURFACE-LAYER OF IRON EXPOSED TO A LOW-ENERGY HIGH-CURRENT ELECTRON-BEAM, Technical physics letters, 24(5), 1998, pp. 334-337
For the first time, Rutherford backscattering (RBS) and proton-induced
x-ray emission (PIXE) using a proton microbeam and a slow positron be
am were used to analyze (scan) the surface and near-surface layers of
alpha-Fe after exposure to a low-energy high-current electron beam. Gr
ain-boundary segregation of carbon and the formation of impurity compl
exes were observed. Proton microbeam scanning revealed regions of redu
ced local density which are sources of crater formation. (C) 1998 Amer
ican Institute of Physics. [S1063-7850(98)00305-X].