NITROGEN DEPENDENT CHANGES IN ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM AND IN FATTY-ACID COMPOSITION OF CHLOROPLAST MEMBRANES FROM COFFEA-ARABICA L. PLANTS SUBMITTED TO HIGH IRRADIANCE
Jc. Ramalho et al., NITROGEN DEPENDENT CHANGES IN ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM AND IN FATTY-ACID COMPOSITION OF CHLOROPLAST MEMBRANES FROM COFFEA-ARABICA L. PLANTS SUBMITTED TO HIGH IRRADIANCE, PLANT SCI, 135(2), 1998, pp. 115-124
In the present work we investigated the contribution of N availability
to the changes in some antioxidant systems and in fatty acid composit
ion of chloroplast membranes. in order to evaluate their role in the h
igh light acclimation in coffee plants. Young coffee (Coffea ici arabi
ca L. cv. Catuai) plants, grown under low irradiance (up to 150 mu mol
m(-2) s(-1)) with high (2N), medium (1N) and low (0N) N availability,
were exposed to high irradiance (up to 1500 mu mol m(-2) s(-1)) for a
maximal period of 15 days. Changes in several parameters were monitor
ed during that period in the two top pairs of mature leaves. The forma
tion rate of superoxide (O-2(.-)) estimated by ESR (K-f) did not diffe
r among N-treatments before the onset of high light, but increased 70
and 30% in 0N and 1N plants, respectively, and decreased 33%, in 2N pl
ants by the end of the stress. By this time, the chloroplastic activit
ies of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (A
Per) and glutathione reductase (GRed) increased, respectively, 18, 225
and 138% in 2N plants. The ON plants presented a 120%:, increase in C
u,Zn-SOD activity (which agrees with the higher k(f) of O-2(.-)) and a
68% decrease in APer activity, suggesting an increase in H2O2 levels,
while GRed activity decreased 20%. The total carotenoid content was h
igher in 2N plants and increased (about 20%) only in these plants by t
he end of stress. After 12 days of high irradiance, the total fatty ac
id (TFA) content increased about 30% in 2N and 1N plants. but did not
significantly change in 0N plants. In 2N and 1N plants a preferential
synthesis of palmitic acid (16:0) and a decrease in the linolenic acid
(18:3) percentage caused a decrease in the unsaturation level, which
may have made the chloroplast membranes less susceptible to peroxidati
on. The N dependent changes observed in 2N (and tu a lesser extent in
1N) plants could represent adaptive features under the new high irradi
ance conditions, which increased the protection of the chloroplast str
uctures against photooxidative stress. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Irela
nd Ltd. All rights reserved.