Abnormal amniotic fluid volume is associated with increased maternal r
isk and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Until the advent of ultraso
nography, the invasive nature of amniotic fluid volume assessment limi
ted its clinical utility. Refinements in quantifying the noninvasive s
onographic assessment of oligohydramnios and hydramnios have improved
the ability of clinicians to identify at-risk pregnancies. This articl
e reviews the available methods of amniotic fluid volume assessment an
d outlines a comprehensive approach to sonographic screening and monit
oring.