Membrane microfiltration is one of the most effective ways of separati
ng proteins from materials of larger size, such as microbial cells and
cell debris. Ultrafiltration is the most effective means of concentra
ting protein solutions. This review describes the scope and operating
patterns of these processes. A major goal for membrane technologists i
s the development of predictive descriptions of membrane processes, ba
sed on a rigorous understanding of the underlying physico-chemical phe
nomena. The emphasis is placed on quantitative analysis of the interfa
cial aspects and microhydrodynamics of membrane processes. From existi
ng knowledge, it is already possible to define a number of guidelines
for successful filtration process operation.