Cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) are only now begin
ning to be used by business, government, and policymakers to evaluate
various medical treatments, The evolution of why CEAs are being demand
ed is reviewed. To date, a formal CEA of obesity treatments has not be
en published. This article outlines how a CEA is performed, reviews da
ta relevant to setting up a formal CEA of medical and surgical obesity
treatments, and lists published reports that demonstrate the effectiv
eness of surgical obesity treatments. The general level of discriminat
ion that society allows the obese to suffer also allows medical insura
nce companies, businesses, and government to not provide many obese Am
ericans with obesity treatments that have established a level of effec
tiveness far surpassing many other Forms of medical therapy. CEAs of o
besity treatments, by themselves, cannot be expected to reverse this d
iscrimination. This type of data, however, provides individual obese p
atients and their physicians viith evidence to challenge policymakers'
decisions, especially when cost-effective obesity treatments are excl
uded or placed at a lower priority than treatments with less proven ef
fectiveness.