Sleep apnoea syndrome (SAS) is a rarely documented, but possibly letha
l, complication of the instability of the cervical spine in rheumatoid
arthritis. Five patients with SAS of a central or peripheral origin a
re presented, and the problems of recognizing and diagnosing the syndr
ome are discussed. We hope that clinicians will become more aware of t
he existence and the different aetiologies of SAS, thus improving earl
y recognition and appropriate treatment. Adequate treatment has proven
to increase survival in peripheral SAS and seems to be successful in
doing so in central SAS.