PATTERNS OF DISTRIBUTION OF PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS IN GRASS ECOSYSTEMS OF THE HOLARCTIC

The main methodological approaches used to reveal the patterns of dist ribution of insects are discussed. The location of ranges and centers of diversity of the phytophagous insects, particularly Orthoptera, is characterized in the regions of distribution of the grass ecosystems i n the Holarctic. The general picture of distribution of population gro ups, biomass, and communities of Orthoptera along the zonal and contin ental gradients is described.