DISTRIBUTION AND INCIDENCE OF FABA BEAN NECROTIC YELLOWS VIRUS IN JORDAN

Faba bean necrotic yellows virus (FBNYV) was isolated from naturally i nfected faba bean plants in Jordan. The identification was based on ho st range, mode of transmission, symptomatology and serological propert ies. FBNYV occurred naturally in several leguminous crops including cu ltivated legumes and wild forage legumes, such as species of Medicago, Trifolium and Lathyrus. and infected other plant species belonging to the Malvaceae, such as Malva parviflora and Hibiscus esculentus. Such hosts may act as important natural reservoirs for both the virus and its aphid vectors. This is the first report of infection of M. parvifl ora and H. esculentus with FBNYV. The virus was not recovered from sam ples taken from some cultivated crops, including squash, cucumber, tom ato, eggplant and pepper, growing near to faba bean fields. Also, it w as not detected in commercial faba bean seeds collected from local com panies or in seeds collected from infected faba bean plants. It was tr ansmitted efficiently by Aphis craccivora. Serological testing of 1392 samples from faba beans showing virus-like symptoms and collected ran domly from 16 locations (fields) in the Jordan Valley and Jarash areas showed that FBNYV occurred in 54.5% of the samples. These results ind icate that FBNYV was an important pathogen of beans during the growing season of 1996 in Jordan.