PRINCIPLE OF ELECTRONEGATIVITY - STATE-OF-THE-ART

Modern views on atomic and group electronegativity are classified. Tre nds in the electronegativity concept development are analysed. Special attention is paid to the latest approaches to the electronegativity d etermination such as concept of an <<orbital>> electronegativity and d ensity functional theory. A method for determination of <<inductive>> electronegativities is suggested. This provides for correct theoretica l calculation of a substituent electronegativities based on electroneg ativities of individual atoms and a substituent spatial structure. It is shown that the approach developed posses a number of important adva ntages, e.g. allows for the calculation of group electronegativity of isomeric substituents avoiding utilisation of an electronegativity equ alisation principle. A utilisation of literature data summary and the method proposed by us allows to formulate a view on electronegativity as invariable fundamental immanent characteristic of a chemical elemen t. Bibliography - 222 references.