W. Petry, ON THE HUBBLE LAW IN A NONEXPANDING NONSTATIONARY UNIVERSE WITH COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT, Astrophysics and space science, 254(2), 1997, pp. 305-317
A nonsingular, homogeneous, isotropic cosmological model with cosmolog
ical constant in flat space-time theory of gravitation is studied. The
second law of thermodynamics yields a nonexpanding (nonstationary) un
iverse without entropy production. At the beginning of the universe ra
diation, matter and vacuum energy given by the cosmological constant a
re zero and then emerge from gravitational energy. In the course of ti
me the energy of radiation and matter decrease whereas the vacuum ener
gy increases forever. Light emitted from a distant galaxy loses energy
on his way to the observer producing the observed redshift. The veloc
ity of light in the past is greater than the present one. This may exp
lain superluminal velocities but only for large redshifts. The sum of
the density parameters of matter, radiation and vacuum energy is a lit
tle greater than one. All the matter can be baryonic. There is no age
problem of the universe.