OVERVIEW OF DNA CHIP TECHNOLOGY

DNA chip technology utilizes microscopic arrays (microarrays) of molec ules immobilized on solid surfaces for biochemical analysis. Microarra ys can be used for expression analysis, polymorphism detection, DNA re sequencing, and genotyping on a genomic scale. Advanced arraying techn ologies such as photolithograpy, micro-spotting and ink jetting, coupl ed with sophisticated fluorescence detection systems and bioinformatic s, permit molecular data gathering at an unprecedented rate. Microarra y-based characterization of plant genomes has the potential to revolut ionize plant breeding and agricultural biotechnology. This review prov ides an overview of DNA chip technology, focusing on manufacturing app roaches and biological applications.