A MONOCOT POLLEN-SPECIFIC PROMOTER CONTAINS SEPARABLE POLLEN-SPECIFICAND QUANTITATIVE ELEMENTS

The region of the promoter of the pollen-specific maize gene, ZM13, fr om -119 to -37 was analyzed by a linker-scanning type of substitution mutagenesis and two areas were shown to be responsible for pollen expr ession: a proximal region delineated by mutations from -84 to -53 that conferred pollen specificity, and an upstream region delineated by a mutation from -107 to -102 (Q-element) that could increase the express ion of the proximal region but showed no ability to cause expression i n pollen on its own. Replacement of both of these areas with other seq uences including the CaMV 35S promoter failed to replace activity.