ARCHIVE CONTRIBUTIONS TO A MOLECULAR PHYLOGEOGRAPHY OF THE TOAD BUFO-CALAMITA IN BRITAIN

A complete phylogeographic analysis of any species requires sampling t hroughout its biogeographical range. In the case of the natterjack toa d Bufo calamita in Britain, recent local extinctions have left substan tial areas of its historical range without extant populations. We ther efore obtained tissue samples of archived Bufo calamita from four muse ums in the United Kingdom. A range of tissues (tongue, liver; skin, lu ng, and lan,al tail) was sampled from a total of 33 individual animals . DNA was extracted and eight polymorphic microsatellite loci were sco red. One or more loci were amplified successfully from 27 individuals, and sufficient data were obtained from regions with few or no survivi ng populations to supplement a phylogeographic analysis based on extan t populations.