MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY AND EVOLUTIONARY DIVERGENCE OF NORTH-AMERICAN BIOLOGICAL SPECIES OF ARMILLARIA

Armillaria is a genus of root infecting basidiomycetes, which includes nine North American biological species. Anonymous nucleotide sequence s obtained from four different primer pairs were combined to produce a data set which was analyzed phylogenetically. The data indicated that randomly chosen sequences from the genome were capable of resolving t he phylogenetic history of species of Armillaria and provided strong s upport for intraspecies clustering NABS III and VII formed a significa nt monophyletic clade, with III being derived from the more broadly di stributed NABS VII. Sequences of isolates of NABS V showed a high degr ee of variation. This variation may be an indication of recent sympatr ic speciation, with NABS IX and X diverging from a genetically diverse NABS V. NABS I formed a monophyletic clade despite the variation in g eographic distance among the isolates, The position of NABS II as ance stral to NABS I was discussed. However, literature evidence favored di vergence of NABS II from NABS I, while this study illustrated genetic similarity of NABS II with NABS VI. NABS VI was the most divergent of the North American species and represented the outgroup. A molecular c lock of NABS Armillaria was proposed. (C) 1998 Academic Press.