MONOCYTES, ALCOHOL-USE, AND ALTERED IMMUNITY

The immunomodulatory capacity of acute, moderate alcohol consumption w as investigated in this study in nonalcoholic volunteers after 2 ml of vodka/kg body weight of alcohol consumption. There was a significant, transient increase in interleukin-12 and interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) levels in whole blood samples collected 4 hr after alcohol consumptio n in response to an ex vivo bacterial challenge with lipopolysaccharid e (p < 0.02). However, decreased IFN gamma levels were produced by mon onuclear cells collected later after alcohol consumption (16 hr), sugg esting that acute alcohol consumption has a biphasic effect on IFN gam ma inducibility. Furthermore, isolated blood monocytes collected 16 hr after alcohol consumption showed significantly decreased IL-1 beta pr oduction in response to subsequent bacterial stimulation, implying tha t in vivo alcohol consumption affects monocyte-derived inflammatory cy tokine production. These results demonstrate that even acute, moderate alcohol consumption has a modulating capacity on immune functions tha t may contribute to decreased immunity and host defense.