K. Aarset et R. Stolevik, TORSIONAL POTENTIALS AND CONFORMATIONAL STRUCTURES IN CHLOROSUBSTITUTED PROPANALS AS DETERMINED BY MOLECULAR MECHANICS CALCULATIONS, Journal of molecular structure, 300, 1993, pp. 47-60
The conformational structures, energies, rotational barrier heights an
d torsional force constants of chloro-substituted propanals were obtai
ned using molecular mechanics calculations based on non-bonding intera
tomic potentials derived from gas-phase data. Most of these molecules
exist as complex conformational mixtures at room temperature.