BROMOCRIPTINE IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS - A DOUBLE-BLIND, RANDOMIZED, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED STUDY

The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of bromocriptine (BRC) as an adjunct to conventional treatment in sys temic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A prospective, double-blind, randomiz ed, placebo-controlled study compared BRC at a fixed daily dosage of 2 .5 mg with placebo. Patients were followed for 2-17 months (mean 12.5 months). Disease activity was assessed using the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI), numbers of flares were recorded, and serum prolactin ( PRL) levels were obtained at intervals during the study. Patients were allowed to take prednisone and immunosuppressive drugs. Sixty-six pat ients with SLE entered the study. Thirty-six were treated with BRC, an d 30 controls received placebo. Sixteen patients were removed from the study during the treatment period: five in each group left the study because of adverse effects, five became pregnant, and one patient who took placebo died with central nervous system lupus. Four patients in the BRC treatment group and three patients in the placebo group moved away or stopped coming for study visits for unknown reasons, and were lost to follow-up during the course. At entry, serum PRL was (mean +/- s.d.) 24.8 ng/ml +/- 18.4 in the BRC treatment group. This value fell to 5.8 +/- 9.0 after 12 months of treatment. Corresponding PRL values in controls were 23.7 +/- 22.1 pretreatment and 20.3 +/- 14 after 12 months. PRL levels in BRC-treated subjects were significantly lower th an levels in control subjects after 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of treatmen t. The SLEDAI score on the fifth protocol visit was decreased signific antly in the BRC group vs controls: 0.9 +/- 1.4 vs 2.6 +/- 4.5 (P +/- 0.05). Although the absolute number of flares in each group was simila r, the mean number of flares/patient/month was decreased significantly in the BRC group compared to the control group (0.08 +/- 0.1 vs 0.18 +/- 0.2, P = 0.03). Long term treatment with a low dose of BRC appears to be a safe and effective means of decreasing SLE flares in SLE pati ents.