This study investigated the impact of anticipated regret on precaution
ary sexual behavior. Results show that anticipated regret predicts a s
ignificant and independent proportion of variance in expectations abou
t future contraceptive behavior. A simple model combining attitudes, s
ubjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and anticipated regret
explained 65% of the variance in behavioral expectations. Behavioral e
xpectations explained 34% of the variance in contraceptive behavior of
respondents who had casual sex in the 4 weeks following the first ses
sion of the study. Implications for our understanding of precautionary
sexual behavior and for campaigns aiming to increase safer sexual pra
ctices are discussed.