Initial sociological interest in network forms of organization was mot
ivated in part by a critique of economic views of organization. Sociol
ogists sought to highlight the prevalence and functionality of organiz
ational forms that could not be classified as markets or hierarchies.
As a result of this work, we now know that network forms of organizati
on foster learning, represent a mechanism for the attainment of status
or legitimacy, provide a variety of economic benefits, facilitate the
management of resource dependencies, and provide considerable autonom
y for employees. However, as sociologists move away from critiquing wh
at are now somewhat outdated economic views, they need to balance the
exclusive focus on prevalence and functionality with attention to cons
traint and dysfunctionality. The authors review work that has laid a f
oundation for this broader focus and suggest analytical concerns that
should guide this literature as it moves forward.