Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism w
ith a prevalence ranging between 0.5 and 4%. Because of their aggressi
veness, prompt diagnosis and treatment are mandatory. A parathyroid ca
rcinoma was found in four patients (4.5%) of 88 patients who underwent
surgical cervical exploration for primary hyperparathyroidism at the
Institute Nacional de la Nutricion in a period of seven years. Our pap
er gives the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and outcom
e ef the four patients.