Ji. Bisson et al., FOLLOW-UP-STUDY OF BRITISH MILITARY HOSTAGES AND THEIR FAMILIES HELD IN KUWAIT DURING THE GULF-WAR, British Journal of Medical Psychology, 71, 1998, pp. 247-252
On 2 August 1990 Iraq invaded Kuwait and held hostage all its inhabita
nts. Amongst those forced to stay were 71 British servicemen and their
families who were held hostage for up to four and a half months. This
study investigated the mental health status of this group of individu
als at 6 and 18 months after the final hostage was released. Participa
nts completed the Impact of Event Scale and the 28-item version of the
General Health Questionnaire at both 6 and 18 months. In addition the
y completed a questionnaire regarding background factors, the dimensio
ns of the trauma and the effects of their hostage experience. The Impa
ct of Event Scale scores changed little over time whereas the General
Health Questionnaire scores reduced significantly (p = .001) over the
12-month period suggesting that despite ongoing intrusive and avoidanc
e phenomena levels of psychological distress did reduce. Those variabl
es most strongly associated with a poor psychological outcome were wit
nessing physical violence and perceived deterioration in physical and
mental health. Poor outcome at 6 months was strongly correlated with p
oor outcome at 18 months.