Differences in developmental morphology, host range, and restriction f
ragment length polymorphisms are consistent with the hypothesis that t
he species of Rhytisma currently causing an epiphytotic on Norway mapl
e (Acer platanoides) in the northeastern United States is not the same
fungus that is endemic on red and silver maples in North America. The
latter fungus, erroneously designated as R. acerinum for many years,
is a different and previously undescribed species. We propose Rhytisma
americanum.