Cd. Spielberger et al., MOTIVATIONAL, EMOTIONAL, AND PERSONALITY-CHARACTERISTICS OF SMOKELESSTOBACCO USERS COMPARED WITH CIGARETTE SMOKERS, Personality and individual differences, 25(5), 1998, pp. 821-832
Consistent evidence from a large number of studies suggests that perso
nality, motivation, and emotional factors contribute to the initiation
and continued use of tobacco products. This study compared the reason
s why male smokers (N = 267) and smokeless tobacco (SLT) users (N = 27
1) begin and continue to use tobacco products. The study participants
completed the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), and Spielberger
's State-Trait Personality Inventory (STPI) and Anger EXpression (AX)
Scale. They also responded to questionnaires designed to evaluate the
initiation, maintenance, and motivation to use tobacco. Both SLT-users
and smokers reported novelty and enjoyment as the primary reasons for
beginning to use tobacco products. Enjoyment, stimulation and managem
ent of emotions were ranked by both groups as the most important reaso
ns for continuing to use tobacco. Significant correlations of the EPQ,
STPI, and AX scales with measures of the initiation, maintenance and
motivation to use tobacco support Eysenck's Diathesis Stress Model in
explaining the persistent use of tobacco products. (C) 1998 Elsevier S
cience Ltd. All rights reserved.