The purpose of this paper is to review and summarize the current knowl
edge on conservative management of localized prostate cancer. Deferrin
g treatment for low-grade, clinically localized prostate canter is an
acceptable treatment option for patients with a life expectancy of 10-
15 y or less. The outcome of available studies on deferred treatment i
n selected series cannot be compared with the outcome in register stud
ies where the patients have been managed with noncurative intent, nor
can it be directly compared with the outcome of selected series on oth
er treatments. The outcome of different treatments for localized prost
ate cancer can only be compared in randomized studies.