A QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF THE EMOTIONAL OUTCOME OF PEOPLE CARING FOR STROKE SURVIVORS

Background and Purpose-Although the physical and, to a lesser extent, emotional outcome of stroke survivors has been well documented, there are far fewer data relating to the outcomes of those who care for them . We aimed to describe the outcome of those caring for stroke patients and to identify both patient and caregiver factors that are associate d with poor caregiver outcomes. Methods-As part of a randomized trial to evaluate a stroke family care worker, we identified 417 patients (6 7% of all referrals to our institution). We followed up 376 survivors of whom 246 identified a caregiver at a 6-month follow-up interview. T he patients and caregivers were asked to complete 2 measures of emotio nal distress (30-item General Health Questionnaire [GHQ-30] and Hospit al Anxiety and Depression [HAD] Scale). A regression analysis was used to identify factors that were independently associated with poor care giver outcomes. Results-Fifty-five percent of responding caregivers sc ored more than 4 on the GHQ-30, indicating that emotional distress is common in this group. Caregivers were more likely to be depressed if t he patients were severely dependent (P<0.01) or emotionally distressed themselves (P<0.01). Female caregivers reported more anxiety (median HAD=8) than male caregivers (median HAD=5; P<0.01) but caregivers' lev els of anxiety were not so clearly related to the patients' degree of physical disability as their levels of depression. Caregivers suffered more emotional distress if the patients had been dependent before the ir strokes. Conclusions-These data may help to identify those caregive rs at greatest risk of poor emotional outcomes and thus help in the pl anning of trials and delivery of interventions aimed at preventing or treating distress among caregivers.