10-YEAR TRENDS OF HEART-DISEASE RISK-FACTORS IN THE HALIFAX COUNTY MONICA POPULATION

OBJECTIVE: To investigate trends in heart disease risk factors (RFs) i n the general population of Halifax County, Nova Scotia during a 10-ye ar period. DESIGN: Two independent random samples of the population of Halifax County were surveyed in 1985 and 1995; age ranges were 25-64 years and 25-74 years. Blood pressure, cholesterol and body weight wer e measured. Smoking and health history were obtained by questionnaire. MAIN RESULTS: Participation rate was 66.3% in 1985 and 1995. All RFs were negatively correlated with education attainment. RF changes from 1985 to 1995 were related to education level, Among survey participant s, mean body mass index increased from 26.7 kg/m(2) to 27.6 kg/m(2) (P =0.005) for men, and from 25.5 kg/m(2) to 27.3 kg/m(2) (P<0.00001) for women. Average smoking rate increased from 32.0% to 34.6% (not signif icant) in men and from 27.7% to 29.1% (not signficant) in women. Age-s pecific smoking rate increased by 13% (P=0.14) in younger women and de creased by 10% in older women (P=0.09). Mean levels of blood cholester ol decreased by 0.2 mmol/L (P=0.002) in men and 0.1 mmol/L (P=0.20) in women. Systolic blood pressure increased by 6.3 mmHg (P<0.0001) in me n and by 7.9 mmHg (P<0.0001) in women, being steepest in the lowest ed ucation group. Mortality predicted from RFs declined between the surve y years, but less than the observed mortality. This discrepancy may re sult from the effect of medical care or the delayed effect of RF chang es. CONCLUSIONS: Some risk factors show a disturbing trend, indicating that an increased effort or a change in strategy is needed to combat: the risk of ischemic heart disease.