We show that the trace anomaly for gravitons calculated using the usua
l effective action formalism depends on the choice of gauge when the b
ackground spacetime is not a solution of the classical equation of mot
ion, that is, when off shell. We then use the gauge-independent Vilkov
isky-DeWitt effective action to restore gauge independence to the off-
shell case. Additionally we explicitly evaluate trace anomalies for so
me N-sphere background spacetimes.