EXPRESSION SYSTEMS AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF PROMOTER ACTIVITY IN BACTERIA

Promoter activity in vivo is not just dependent on the performance of the regulator/promoter pair which may predominantly control transcript ion initiation in response to a given signal, it also relies on overim posed mechanisms that connect the activity of individual promoters to the metabolic and energetic status of the bacterial cells. Such mechan isms - which frequently become limiting for biotechnological applicati ons involving regulated promoters - include classic (i.e, cAMP/CRP-med iated) or alternative catabolite control checks, recruitment of protei n intermediates of the phosphotransferase sugar transport system, core gulation through protein-induced DNA bending and the interplay of sigm a factors during various growth stages.