In the light of the experience and guidelines developed by other count
ries and of Italian legislative and operational conditions, the author
s outline a strategy for a health surveillance programme for work-rela
ted musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limbs. In particular, the p
aper defines the various aims of the health surveillance programme and
identifies significant relevant criteria for its implementation (i.e.
existence of risks or effects). A screening schedule is presented bas
ed on subsequent investigations (first and second level surveillance);
the authors discuss the principal methods used for processing the res
ults of the health surveillance programme, in collective (i.e. statist
ical comparisons, planning of periodical investigations) and individua
l terms (job fitness judgements, reporting of suspected occupational d
iseases).